Increased Social Interactions Reduce the Association Between Constricted Life-Space and Lower Daily Happiness in Older Adults With and Without HIV: A GPS and Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry
; 29(8): 867-879, 2021 08.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33293248
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Older persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) are particularly susceptible to life-space restrictions. The aims of this study included 1) using global positioning system (GPS) derived indicators as an assessment of time spent at home among older adults with and without HIV; 2) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine real-time relationships between life-space, mood (happiness, sadness, anxious), fatigue, and pain; and 3) determining if number of daily social interactions moderated the effect of life-space on mood.METHODS:
Eighty-eight older adults (PWH nâ¯=â¯54, HIV-negative nâ¯=â¯34) completed smartphone-based EMA surveys assessing mood, fatigue, pain, and social interactions four times per day for two weeks. Participants' smartphones were GPS enabled throughout the study. Mixed-effects regression models analyzed concurrent and lagged associations among life-space and behavioral indicators of health.RESULTS:
PWH spent more of their time at home (79% versus 70%, zâ¯=â¯-2.08; p = 0.04) and reported lower mean happiness (3.2 versus 3.7; zâ¯=â¯2.63; pâ¯=â¯0.007) compared to HIV-negative participants. Controlling for covariates, more daily social interactions were associated with higher ratings of real-time happiness (bâ¯=â¯0.12; tâ¯=â¯5.61; dfâ¯=â¯1087.9; p< 0.001). Similar findings were seen in lagged analyses prior day social interactions (bâ¯=â¯0.15; tâ¯=â¯7.3; dfâ¯=â¯1024.9; p < 0.0001) and HIV status (bâ¯=â¯-0.48; tâ¯=â¯-2.56; dfâ¯=â¯1026.8; pâ¯=â¯0.01) attenuated the effect of prior day time spent at home on happiness.CONCLUSION:
Accounting for engagement in social interactions reduced the significant effect of time spent at home and lower happiness. Interventions targeting social isolation within the context of constricted life-space may be beneficial for increasing positive mood in older adults, and especially relevant to older PWH.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Infecciones por VIH
/
Evaluación Ecológica Momentánea
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Aged
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Aged80
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article