A fruit-tissue (apple) based training model for transurethral resection of prostate: face, content and construct validation.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To establish face, content and construct validity of an innovative fruit-tissue (apple) based transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) training model devised at our institute. METHOD AND MATERIAL: Six consultants, three fellows and 16 residents performed TURP on the new fruit-tissue (apple) based TURP model for ten minutes after watching a demo-video. The procedure was videographed. At the end, participants answered a set of questionnaires regarding their experience. The video and the apple both were examined by blinded separate assessors based on pre-decided parameters. Statistical analysis was done to find out the face, content and construct validity of the training model. RESULTS: Participants were divided into two groups, expert and novice, based TURP surgery experience. The model was positively rated (lowest median value 4) by all novice for its 'realism' and 'acceptability'. The expert group also felt that the model reproduced real TURP experience (lowest median value 4). Thus, both face and content validity were established. The expert group resected more tissue (18.3±2.5 gm vs 10.3±3.4 gm; P<0.001) with less irrigation fluid (1566.6±187.0 ml vs 2112.5±344.2 ml; P<0.001) removing more chips (39.8±6.2 vs 25.6±3.0; P<0.001) and orientated themselves faster (63.3±12.2 sec vs 90.3±12.7 sec; P<0.001). The assessors' subjective evaluation of videos and apples both favored the experts. The model can differentiate 'expert' from 'novice', thus establishing 'construct validity'. CONCLUSION: The new fruit-tissue (apple) based TURP model is a realistic and acceptable TRUP training model with proven face, content and construct validity.