Patterns of objectively measured motor activity among infants developing ASD and concerns for ADHD.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry
; 63(6): 663-673, 2022 06.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34387359
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Heightened motor activity is a hallmark of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet high activity levels are also often reported in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is currently unclear whether increased motor activity represents a distinct versus shared early predictor of ASD and ADHD; no prior studies have directly examined this prospectively. We investigated differences in longitudinal patterns of objectively measured motor activity during early development.METHODS:
Participants included 113 infants at high and low risk for ASD or ADHD. Continuous motion-based activity was recorded using tri-axial accelerometers at 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age. At 36 months, participants were categorized into one of three outcome groups ASD (n = 19), ADHD Concerns (n = 17), and Typically Developing (TD; n = 77). Group differences in trajectories of motor activity were examined in structured and semistructured contexts. Associations with behaviors relevant to ASD, ADHD, and general development were also examined.RESULTS:
In both structured and semistructured contexts, both the ASD and ADHD Concerns groups exhibited heightened activity relative to the TD group by 18 months; the ASD group exhibited higher activity than the ADHD Concerns group at 24-36 months in the structured context only. Attention/behavior regulation, nonverbal, and verbal development-but not social engagement-were differentially associated with objectively measured activity by outcome group across contexts.CONCLUSIONS:
Overactivity may be a shared, rather than distinct, precursor of atypical development in infants/toddlers developing ASD and concerns for ADHD, emerging as early as 18 months. Group differences in overactivity may be context-specific and associated with different underlying mechanisms.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad
/
Trastorno del Espectro Autista
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Child, preschool
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Humans
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Infant
Idioma:
En
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article