Isolation of Exosome-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor from Embryonic Stem Cells.
J Vis Exp
; (177)2021 11 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34842232
ABSTRACT
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into all types of embryonic cells. Like many other cell types, ESCs release small membrane vesicles, such as exosomes, to the extracellular environment. Exosomes serve as essential mediators of intercellular communication and play a basic role in many (patho)physiological processes. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) functions as a cytokine to modulate the immune response. The presence of GM-CSF in exosomes has the potential to boost their immune-regulatory function. Here, GM-CSF was stably overexpressed in the murine ESC cell line ES-D3. A protocol was developed to isolate high-quality exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) from ES-D3 cells overexpressing GM-CSF. Isolated exosome-enriched EVs were characterized by a variety of experimental approaches. Importantly, significant amounts of GM-CSF were found to be present in exosome-enriched EVs. Overall, GM-CSF-bearing exosome-enriched EVs from ESCs might function as cell-free vesicles to exert their immune-regulatory activities.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos y Macrófagos
/
Exosomas
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article