Phylogenomic conflict analyses in the apple genus Malus s.l. reveal widespread hybridization and allopolyploidy driving diversification, with insights into the complex biogeographic history in the Northern Hemisphere.

Liu, Bin-Bin; Ren, Chen; Kwak, Myounghai; Hodel, Richard G J; Xu, Chao; He, Jian; Zhou, Wen-Bin; Huang, Chien-Hsun; Ma, Hong; Qian, Guan-Ze; Hong, De-Yuan; Wen, Jun

Liu, Bin-Bin; Ren, Chen; Kwak, Myounghai; Hodel, Richard G J; Xu, Chao; He, Jian; Zhou, Wen-Bin; Huang, Chien-Hsun; Ma, Hong; Qian, Guan-Ze; Hong, De-Yuan; Wen, Jun.

Liu BB; State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Ren C; Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, 20013-7012, DC, USA.
Kwak M; Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Hodel RGJ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Xu C; National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
He J; Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, 20013-7012, DC, USA.
Zhou WB; State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Huang CH; School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Ma H; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27965, NC, USA.
Qian GZ; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Center of Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shangha
Hong DY; Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 510D Mueller Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
Wen J; College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.