Interleukin-15 are associated with insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine if higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-15 are positively associated with improvement in insulin resistance in postmenopausal women (PW) with metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: According to the median value of IL-15 at baseline, PW older than or equal to 45 years were divided into two groups higher (n = 43) and lower (n = 42) IL-15. There was a 9-month follow-up period with clinical assessments at baseline and at 9 months (criteria of metabolic syndrome, body fat, and insulin resistance). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated according to the Homeostasis Model Assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). For IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, IL-15, and TNF-α was determined using immunoassay Magnetic Bead Panel. RESULTS: There was an interaction between the time and group only for insulin (p = .008) and HOMA-IR (p = .024). After adjusting for confounding variables (clinical and ILs), the HOMA-IR (p = .006) and insulin (p = .003) were lower in the higher-IL-15 group [HOMA-IR 2.2 (95% CI 1.9-2.5) and insulin 9.1 µIU/mL (95% CI 7.9-10.3)] when compared to the lower-IL-15 group [HOMA-IR 3.1 (95% CI 2.6-3.6) and insulin 12.9 (95% CI 11.1-14.9)] after 9 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Higher levels of circulating IL-15 are positively associated with improvements in IR in PW with MS.

Higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-15 are positively associated with improvement in insulin resistance (IR) in postmenopausal women (PW) with metabolic syndrome (MS).This relationship is independent of levels of other cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and TNF-α).The levels of circulating IL-15 may be used as a prognostic biomarker for IR in PW with MS.The study opens the door for future studies on IL-15's role in treating IR among PW with MS.