Initial validation of a new psychosocial screener for siblings of youth with cancer: The Psychosocial Assessment Tool Sibling Modules.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial screening can facilitate the identification of families who have difficulty adjusting to and managing serious pediatric illness. Despite siblings' roles within the family and increased psychosocial risk, a systematic approach to screening siblings of youth with cancer remains rare. One barrier to systematic sibling screening is the lack of a validated screener. We aimed to establish initial validity of the new parent-reported Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) Sibling Modules for siblings ages 0-2, 3-4, 5-9, and 10+. METHODS: Families (N = 64) completed the PAT Sibling Modules and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) regarding siblings' functioning at cancer diagnosis (13-23 items, depending on age version) and 6 months later (17-42 items). Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses examined internal consistency and convergent and predictive validity of the PAT Sibling Modules. RESULTS: Baseline and follow-up versions of the modules have strong internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20 range 0.82-0.93) and convergent validity at diagnosis (r-values ≥0.4, p-values <0.01) and follow-up (r-values >0.4, p-values <0.05). Predictive validity was supported by significant correlations between baseline PAT Sibling Module scores and 6 month SDQ scores (r = 0.86, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide initial evidence that the PAT Sibling Modules are valid measures of sibling psychosocial risk. Availability of a validated screener is a first step toward addressing siblings' unmet psychosocial needs.