Research relating to three-dimensional (3D) printing in spine surgery: a bibliometric analysis.

PURPOSE: Although numerous publications on three-dimensional printing (3DP) in spine surgery have been published, bibliometric analysis studies are scarce. Thus, this study aimed to present a bibliometric analysis of the status, hot spots, and frontiers of 3DP in spine surgery and associated research disciplines. METHODS: All publications relating to the utilization of 3DP in spine surgery from 1999 to May 9, 2022, were retrieved from the Web of Science. The bibliometric analysis was performed using CiteSpace software, and information on the country, institution, author, journal, and keywords for each publication was collected. RESULTS: A total of 270 articles were identified. From 2016 onward, a significant increase in publications on spinal surgery was observed. China was the most productive and influential country (98 publications) and H-index (22), followed by the USA and Australia. The most productive institution was Capital Medical University (9 publications). P. S. D'urso (8 publications, 46 citations) and R. J. Mobbs (8 publications, 39 citations) were the most prolific authors. European Spine Journal contributed the highest number of publications. The eight main clusters were: "rapid prototyping" #0, "3D printed" #1, "spine fusion" #2, "scoliosis" #3, "spine surgery" #4, "patient-specific" #5, "nervous system" #6, and "neuronavigation" #7. The strongest keyword bursts in 3DP in spine surgery were "fixation," "drill template," "instrumentation," "fusion," "complication," and "atlantoaxial instability." CONCLUSION: This analysis provides information on research trends and frontiers in the application of 3DP in spine surgery, as well as research and collaboration partners, institutions, and countries.