Assessing Pediatric Cephalosporin Allergic Reactions Through Direct Graded Oral Challenges.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
; 12(1): 156-164.e4, 2024 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37832819
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Cephalosporins, ß-lactam antibiotics, commonly cause allergic reactions.OBJECTIVE:
To assess the clinical characteristics and management of pediatric patients with suspected cephalosporin allergy using direct graded oral challenges (GOCs).METHODS:
Children referred for suspected cephalosporin allergy at 4 Canadian clinics were recruited over 10 years. Data on demographics, clinical reaction characteristics, and management were collected through a questionnaire. Patients underwent a direct GOC (initially 10% of the treatment dose, then 90% after 20 min), and reactions were monitored 1 week postchallenge. Families were contacted annually for up to 5 years to detect subsequent antibiotic reactions. Logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with positive GOC reactions.RESULTS:
Among the 136 patients reporting cephalosporin allergy, 75 (55.1%) were males with a median age of 3.9 years (interquartile range 2.3-8.7). Cefprozil represented the most common cephalosporin linked to the index reaction (67.6% of cases). Of the 136 direct GOCs, 5.1% had an immediate and 4.4% a nonimmediate reaction, respectively. Positive GOCs conducted in children with a history of skin-limited nonsevere rashes were classified as mild, benign skin rashes. Positive GOCs were more likely in children with food allergies (adjusted odds ratio 1.14; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.00-1.29).CONCLUSIONS:
Direct GOCs are safe and effective for diagnosing pediatric cases that report nonvesicular skin-limited symptoms while being treated with cephalosporins.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
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Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas
/
Hipersensibilidad
Límite:
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Male
País como asunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article