A Walnut-Enriched Diet for 2 Years Changes the Serum Oxylipin Profile in Healthy Older Persons.
J Nutr
; 154(2): 395-402, 2024 02.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38081585
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Oxylipins are products derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that play a role in cardiovascular disease and aging. Fish oil-derived n-3 PUFAs promote the formation of anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory oxylipins; however, there are little data on oxylipins derived from α-linolenic acid (C183n-3), the primary plant-derived n-3 PUFA. Walnuts are a source of C183n-3.OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the effect on serum oxylipins of a diet enriched with walnuts at 15% energy (30-60 g/d; 2.6-5.2 g C183n-3/d) for 2 y compared to a control diet (abstention from walnuts) in healthy older males and females (63-79 y).METHODS:
The red blood cell proportion of α-linolenic acid was determined by gas chromatography as a measure of compliance. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure serum concentrations of 53 oxylipins in participants randomly assigned to receive the walnut diet (n = 64) or the control diet (n = 51). Two-year concentration changes (final minus baseline) were log-transformed (base log-10) and standardized (mean-centered and divided by the standard deviation of each variable). Volcano plots were then generated (fold change ≥1.5; false discovery rate ≤0.1). For each oxylipin delta surviving multiple testing, we further assessed between-intervention group differences by analysis of covariance adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and the baseline concentration of the oxylipin.RESULTS:
The 2-y change in red blood cell C183n-3 in the walnut group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Compared to the control diet, the walnut diet resulted in statistically significantly greater increases in 3 C183n-3-derived oxylipins (9-HOTrE, 13-HOTrE, and 12,13-EpODE) and in the C205n-3 derived 14,15-diHETE, and greater reductions of the C204n-6-derived 5-HETE, 19-HETE, and 5,6-diHETrE.CONCLUSIONS:
Long-term walnut consumption changes the serum oxylipin profile in healthy older persons. Our results add novel mechanistic evidence on the cardioprotective effects of walnuts. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01634841.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ácidos Grasos Omega-3
/
Juglans
Límite:
Aged
/
Aged80
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article