Clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to determine the outcomes and toxicities of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were extracted from an institutional tumor registry for patients diagnosed with mesothelioma and treated with SBRT. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were employed to determine local control (LC) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Forty-four patients with 59 total treated tumors from December 2006 to April 2022 were identified. Fifty-one (86.4 %) cases had oligoprogressive disease (five sites or less). The median prescription dose delivered was 3000 cGy in 5 fractions (range 2700-6000 cGy in 3-8 fractions). Fifty-one (86.4 %) tumors were in the pleura, 4 (6.8 %) spine, 2 (3.4 %) bone, 1 (1.7 %) brain, and 1 (1.7 %) pancreas. The median follow-up from SBRT completion for those alive at last follow-up was 28 months (range 14-52 months). The most common toxicities were fatigue (50.8 %), nausea (22.0 %), pain flare (15.3 %), esophagitis (6.8 %), dermatitis (6.8 %), and pneumonitis (5.1 %). There were no grade ≥ 3 acute or late toxicities. There were 2 (3.4 %) local failures, one of the pleura and another of the spine. One-year LC was 92.9 % (95 % CI 74.6-98.2 %) for all lesions and 96.3 % (95 % CI 76.5-99.5 %) for pleural tumors. One-year LC was 90.9 % (95 % CI 68.1-97.6 %) for epithelioid tumors and 92.1 % (95 % CI 72.1-98.0 %) for oligoprogressive tumors. One-year OS from time of SBRT completion was 36.4 % (95 % CI 22.6-50.3 %). On multivariable analysis, KPS was the lone significant predictor for OS (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS: Our single-institutional experience on patients with MPM suggests that SBRT is safe with a low toxicity profile and potentially achieve good local control.