[18F]FDG PET-CT radiomics signature to predict pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study.
Eur Radiol
; 34(7): 4352-4363, 2024 Jul.
Article
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| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38127071
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
This study aims to develop and validate a radiomics model based on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET-CT) images to predict pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
One hundred eighty-five patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for NSCLC at 5 centers from January 2019 to December 2022 were included and divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Radiomics models were constructed via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. The performances of models were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). In addition, genetic analyses were conducted to reveal the underlying biological basis of the radiomics score.RESULTS:
After the LASSO process, 9 PET-CT radiomics features were selected for pCR prediction. In the validation cohort, the ability of PET-CT radiomics model to predict pCR was shown to have an AUC of 0.818 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.711, 0.925), which was better than the PET radiomics model (0.728 [95% CI, 0.610, 0.846]), CT radiomics model (0.732 [95% CI, 0.607, 0.857]), and maximum standard uptake value (0.603 [95% CI, 0.473, 0.733]) (p < 0.05). Moreover, a high radiomics score was related to the upregulation of pathways suppressing tumor proliferation and the infiltration of antitumor immune cell.CONCLUSION:
The proposed PET-CT radiomics model was capable of predicting pCR to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study indicated that the generated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography radiomics model could predict pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, implying the potential of our radiomics model to personalize the neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in lung cancer patients. KEY POINTS ⢠Recognizing patients potentially benefiting neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy is critical for individualized therapy of lung cancer. ⢠[18F]FDG PET-CT radiomics could predict pathological complete response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. ⢠[18F]FDG PET-CT radiomics model could personalize neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in lung cancer patients.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
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Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas
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Radiofármacos
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Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18
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Terapia Neoadyuvante
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Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones
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Neoplasias Pulmonares
Límite:
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article