Intraoperative Radiation Exposure During Midfoot Charcot Reconstruction.

ABSTRACT

While radiation exposure in foot and ankle surgery varies by procedure, attempts to minimize this hazard remain imperative to protect patients and surgeons. Hindfoot deformity correction employs significant radiation through intraoperative fluoroscopy, however, a paucity of data exists concerning Charcot reconstruction. This investigation describes and compares radiation exposure across varying Charcot pathology and fixation constructs. A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing midfoot Charcot reconstruction under large C-arm assistance from 2016-2022 was conducted. Demographics, pathology-specific, and intervention-specific variables were recorded and compared among midfoot reconstructions. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p ≤ .05. Among 40 patients, the average midfoot radiation exposure and fluoroscopy times were 9.5 ± 5.39 mGy and 256.64 ± 130.67 seconds, respectively. There existed no statistically significant difference in radiation exposure (p = .32) or fluoroscopy times (p = .71) among the different midfoot constructs. There existed a statistically significant relationship between radiation exposure with weight (p = .01) body mass index (p = .03) and number of stages (p = .04). Similarly, a relationship existed between fluoroscopy time with weight (p = .02), body mass index (p = .03), and number of beams/screws (p = .003). Due to the complexity of Charcot reconstruction coupled with multiple robust types of fixation, surgeons must remain cognizant of fluoroscopy usage. Moreover, providers who routinely perform Charcot reconstruction should wear personal protective equipment to protect against radiation.