Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS-CoV-2 in patients exposed to MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
J Med Virol
; 96(5): e29628, 2024 May.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38682568
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in serum samples from patients exposed to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination on ADE in individuals with a MERS infection history. We performed ADE assay in sera from MERS recovered and SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated individuals using BHK cells expressing FcgRIIa, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV pseudoviruses (PVs). Further, we analyzed the association of ADE to serum IgG levels and neutralization. Out of 16 MERS patients, nine demonstrated ADE against SARS-CoV-2 PV, however, none of the samples demonstrated ADE against MERS-CoV PV. Furthermore, out of the seven patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination after MERS-CoV infection, only one patient (acutely infected with MERS-CoV) showed ADE for SARS-CoV-2 PV. Further analysis indicated that IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 against SARS-CoV-2 S1 and RBD subunits, IgG1 and IgG2 against the MERS-CoV S1 subunit, and serum neutralizing activity were low in ADE-positive samples. In summary, samples from MERS-CoV-infected patients exhibited ADE against SARS-CoV-2 and was significantly associated with low levels of neutralizing antibodies. Subsequent exposure to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination resulted in diminished ADE activity while the PV neutralization assay demonstrated a broadly reactive antibody response in some patient samples.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Inmunoglobulina G
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Acrecentamiento Dependiente de Anticuerpo
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Anticuerpos Neutralizantes
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Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio
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SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
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Anticuerpos Antivirales
Límite:
Adult
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Aged
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Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article