Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Following Prior Infection or Vaccination.
J Infect Dis
; 230(3): e584-e590, 2024 Sep 23.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38717928
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The extent to which infection versus vaccination has conferred similarly durable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity during the Omicron era remains unclear.METHODS:
In a cohort of 4496 adults under continued serological surveillance throughout the first year of Omicron-predominant SARS-CoV-2 transmission, we examined incidence of new infection among individuals whose last known antigenic exposure was either recent (<90 days) or remote (≥90 days) infection or vaccination.RESULTS:
We adjudicated 2053 new-onset infections occurring between 15 December 2021 through 22 December 2022. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, compared to individuals whose last known exposure was remote vaccination, those with recent vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 0.82 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .73-.93]; P = .002) or recent infection (OR, 0.14 [95% CI, .05-.45]; P = .001) had lower risk for new infection within the subsequent 90-day period. Given a significant age interaction (P = .004), we found that remote infection compared to remote vaccination was associated with significantly greater new infection risk in persons aged ≥60 years (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.13-3.14]; P = .015) with no difference seen in those <60 years (1.03 [95% CI, .69-1.53]; P = .88).CONCLUSIONS:
During the initial year of Omicron, prior infection and vaccination both offered protection against new infection. However, remote prior infection was less protective than remote vaccination for individuals aged ≥60 years. In older adults, immunity gained from vaccination appeared more durable than immunity gained from infection.Palabras clave
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Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Vacunación
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Vacunas contra la COVID-19
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SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
Límite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article