Immunological memory diversity in the human upper airway.
Nature
; 632(8025): 630-636, 2024 Aug.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39085605
ABSTRACT
The upper airway is an important site of infection, but immune memory in the human upper airway is poorly understood, with implications for COVID-19 and many other human diseases1-4. Here we demonstrate that nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs can be used to obtain insights into these challenging problems, and define distinct immune cell populations, including antigen-specific memory B cells and T cells, in two adjacent anatomical sites in the upper airway. Upper airway immune cell populations seemed stable over time in healthy adults undergoing monthly swabs for more than 1 year, and prominent tissue resident memory T (TRM) cell and B (BRM) cell populations were defined. Unexpectedly, germinal centre cells were identified consistently in many nasopharyngeal swabs. In subjects with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections, local virus-specific BRM cells, plasma cells and germinal centre B cells were identified, with evidence of local priming and an enrichment of IgA+ memory B cells in upper airway compartments compared with blood. Local plasma cell populations were identified with transcriptional profiles of longevity. Local virus-specific memory CD4+ TRM cells and CD8+ TRM cells were identified, with diverse additional virus-specific T cells. Age-dependent upper airway immunological shifts were observed. These findings provide new understanding of immune memory at a principal mucosal barrier tissue in humans.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Nasofaringe
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SARS-CoV-2
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Células B de Memoria
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Células T de Memoria
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Memoria Inmunológica
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Mucosa Nasal
Límite:
Adult
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article