Evaluation of teplizumab's efficacy and safety in treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
World J Diabetes
; 15(7): 1615-1626, 2024 Jul 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39099823
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Islets of Langerhans beta cells diminish in autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Teplizumab, a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, may help T1DM. Its long-term implications on clinical T1DM development, safety, and efficacy are unknown.AIM:
To assess the effectiveness and safety of teplizumab as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with T1DM.METHODS:
A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to select publications published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The odds ratio (OR) and risk ratio (RR) were calculated, along with their 95%CI. We assessed heterogeneity using Cochrane Q and I 2 statistics and the appropriate P value.RESULTS:
There were 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the current meta-analysis with a total of 1908 T1DM patients from diverse age cohorts, with 1361 patients receiving Teplizumab and 547 patients receiving a placebo. Teplizumab was found to have a substantial link with a decrease in insulin consumption, with an OR of 4.13 (95%CI 1.72 to 9.90). Teplizumab is associated with an improved C-peptide response (OR 2.49; 95%CI 1.62 to 3.81) and a significant change in Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in people with type 1 diabetes [OR 1.75 (95%CI 1.03 to 2.98)], and it has a RR of 0.71 (95%CI 0.53 to 0.95).CONCLUSION:
In type 1 diabetics, teplizumab decreased insulin consumption, improved C-peptide response, and significantly changed HbA1c levels with negligible side effects. Teplizumab appears to improve glycaemic control and diabetes management with good safety and efficacy.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article