Integration of 3D printing and case-based learning in clinical practice for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Case-based learning (CBL) utilizing three-dimensional (3D) printed hip joint models is a problem-solving teaching method that combines the tactile and visual advantages of 3D-printed models with CBL. This study aims to investigate the impact of integrating 3D printing with CBL on learning developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). METHODS: We conducted a prospective study from 2022 to 2023, including 120 fourth-year clinical medical students at Xuzhou Medical University. Students were randomly allocated into two groups of 60 participants each. The CBL group received conventional CBL teaching methods, while the 3D + CBL group utilized 3D-printed models in conjunction with CBL. Post-teaching, we analyzed and compared the theoretical and practical achievements of both groups. A questionnaire was designed to assess the impact of the educational approach on orthopedic surgery learning. RESULTS: The theory scores of the CBL group (62.88 ± 7.98) and 3D + CBL group (66.35 ± 8.85) were significantly different (t = 2.254, P = 0.026); the practical skills scores of the CBL group (57.40 ± 8.80) and 3D + CBL group (63.42 ± 11.14) were significantly different (t = 3.283, P = 0.001). The questionnaire results showed that the 3D + CBL group was greater than the CBL group in terms of hip fundamentals, ability to diagnose cases and plan treatments, interesting teaching content, willingness to communicate with the instructor and satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of 3D printing with case-based learning has yielded positive outcomes in teaching DDH, providing valuable insights into the use of 3D-printed orthopedic models in clinical education.