Associations between Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status in Mother-Infant Dyads and Infant Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in rural Zimbabwe.

Pun, Joshua; Evans, Ceri; Chasekwa, Bernard; Church, James A; Gough, Ethan; Mutasa, Kuda; Rukobo, Sandra; Govha, Margaret; Mushayanembwa, Patience; Majo, Florence D; Tavengwa, Naume V; Humphrey, Jean H; Kirkpatrick, Beth D; Kosek, Margaret; Ntozini, Robert; Prendergast, Andrew J

Pun, Joshua; Evans, Ceri; Chasekwa, Bernard; Church, James A; Gough, Ethan; Mutasa, Kuda; Rukobo, Sandra; Govha, Margaret; Mushayanembwa, Patience; Majo, Florence D; Tavengwa, Naume V; Humphrey, Jean H; Kirkpatrick, Beth D; Kosek, Margaret; Ntozini, Robert; Prendergast, Andrew J.

Pun J; Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Evans C; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Chasekwa B; Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Church JA; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Gough E; Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Mutasa K; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Rukobo S; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Govha M; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Mushayanembwa P; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Majo FD; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Tavengwa NV; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Humphrey JH; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Kirkpatrick BD; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Kosek M; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Ntozini R; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Prendergast AJ; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.

J Infect Dis ; 2024 Oct 01.

Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39352457

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) phenotypes may contribute to poor oral rotavirus vaccine (RVV) immunogenicity, since rotavirus binds intestinal epithelial HBGA glycans, while maternal HBGA status shapes breastmilk composition, which influences the composition of the infant microbiome. We investigated associations between maternal/infant HBGA phenotypes and RVV immunogenicity in rural Zimbabwe.

METHODS:

We undertook salivary FUT2/FUT3 phenotyping in mother-infant pairs. Serum anti-rotavirus IgA was measured by ELISA. We explored adjusted associations between FUT2/FUT3 status and RVV seroconversion (primary outcome, N=322), and seropositivity and geometric mean titre (secondary outcomes, N=776).

RESULTS:

Infants of FUT2-positive or FUT3-positive women were less likely to seroconvert post-RVV than infants of FUT2-negative or FUT3-negative women (FUT2-positive 20.1% versus FUT2-negative 27.5%, adjusted relative risk (aRR) 0.47, 95%CI 0.26, 0.82; P=0.008; FUT3-positive 18.1% versus FUT3-negative 30.0%, aRR 0.45, 95%CI 0.25, 0.78; P=0.005). Compared to FUT2-positive infants with FUT2-positive mothers, FUT2-positive infants with FUT2-negative mothers were twice as likely to seroconvert (36.8% versus 21.9%, aRR 2.12, 95%CI 1.23, 3.63; P=0.006). Compared to FUT3-positive infants with FUT3-positive mothers, FUT3-positive infants with FUT3-negative mothers were three times as likely to seroconvert (48.3% versus 18.2%, aRR 2.99, 95%CI 1.82, 4.90; P<0.001).