The Buthidae
family of
scorpions consists of
arthropods with significant medical relevance, as their
venom contains a diverse range of biomolecules, including
neurotoxins that selectively target
ion channels in
cell membranes. These
ion channels play a crucial
role in regulating
physiological processes, and any disturbance in their activity can result in
channelopathies, which can
lead to various
diseases such as autoimmune, cardiovascular, immunological, neurological, and neoplastic conditions. Given the importance of
ion channels,
scorpion peptides represent a valuable
resource for developing
drugs with targeted
specificity for these channels. This
review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and
classification of
ion channels, the action of
scorpion toxins on these channels, and potential avenues for
future research. Overall, this
review highlights the significance of
scorpion venom as a promising source for discovering novel
drugs with
therapeutic potential for treating
channelopathies.