Disonancias cognitivas en la intervención antitabaco motivacional en adolescentes / Cognitive dissonance in the motivational smoking intervention in adolescents
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. impr.)
; 37(4): 188-194, abr. 2011. tab, ilus
Article
em Es
| IBECS
| ID: ibc-88004
Biblioteca responsável:
ES1.1
Localização: BNCS
RESUMEN
Objetivo. Conocer las disonancias cognitivas más frecuentes de los adolescentes entre las motivaciones para fumar y dejar de fumar. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo realizado en 5 institutos de secundaria tras intervención motivacional a adolescentes (< 20 años) para dejar de fumar. Se recoge por escrito una balanza de motivos para fumar/dejar de fumar, edad, sexo, tests de Fagerström/Richmond, edad de inicio y patrón del consumo. Resultados. Participan 82 adolescentes (52% hombres, edad 15,6 años±1,4). Motivos para fumar amigos (55%), «me gusta» (44%), «estar enganchado» (28%), diversión (19%), autoafirmación (18%). Motivos para dejar de fumar mejorar la salud (91%), «es caro» (55%), no gusta sabor/olor (23%), conflictos con padres (23%). La diversión se asocia al inicio precoz del consumo (p=0,025; Student). La dependencia aparece en adolescentes de mayor edad (p=0,075; Student). La sensación de relajación se asocia a mayor consumo (p=0,018; Student), sobre todo en mujeres (p=0,046; χ2). La autoafirmación es más frecuente en hombres (p=0,045; χ2). El test de Richmond empeora si le gusta fumar (p=0,035; Student) y mejora si tiene problemas económicos (p=0,082; Student). El rechazo al sabor/olor se relaciona con menor dependencia (Fagerström) (p=0,069; Student). Disonancias cognitivas ABSTRACT
Objectives. To find out the most common dissonances between smoking and giving up motivations in adolescents. Material and methods. A five Secondary Schools descriptive study after motivational interviewing of adolescents (less than 20 years) who wanted to quit smoking. A written balance sheet of reasons for smoking and quitting smoking, age, sex, Fagerström/Richmond test, beginning age, consumption pattern, was collected. Results. A total of 82 adolescents participated (52% male, age 15.6 years±1.4). Reasons for smoking friends (55%), «I like it» (44%), «addicted» (28%), for fun (19%), and self-assertiveness (18%). Reasons for quitting smoking better health (91%), «It's expensive» (55%), dont like taste/smell (23%), and conflicts with parents (23%). Fun is associated with earlier onset of smoking (p=.025; Student) while dependency is recognised in older adolescents (p=.075; Student). Relaxation feeling is associated with greater cigarette consumption (p=0,018; Student) especially in women (p=.046; χ2); assertiveness is more common in men (p=.045; χ2). Richmond test results get worst if they like smoking (p=.035; Student) and get better if they have economical problems (p=.082; Student). Rejecting taste/smell is related with less dependency (Fagerström) (p=.069; Student). The most common dissonances were between
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Base de dados:
IBECS
Assunto principal:
Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco
/
Fumar
/
Codependência Psicológica
/
Dissonância Cognitiva
/
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias
/
Abandono do Uso de Tabaco
/
Motivação
Tipo de estudo:
Qualitative_research
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
Es
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article