Feasibility of induction chemotherapy using bronchial arterial infusion for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a pilot study.

PURPOSE: We examined the feasibility and effectiveness of bronchial arterial infusion (BAI) as induction chemotherapy before surgery for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Eighteen patients with locally advanced NSCLC were given BAI consisting of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) (50-100 mg/m(2)) as induction chemotherapy before surgery (induction BAI). Six patients with clinical stage IIIA cancer had bulky N2 metastatic lymph nodes, and 12 patients with clinical stage IIIB cancer had T4 disease. RESULTS: Of the 18 patients, 12 (67%) showed a partial response to the BAI therapy. Standard pulmonary resection was performed in 5 patients, pulmonary resection with the combined resection of adjacent organs was performed in 10 patients, and pulmonary resection with carinal resection and reconstruction was performed in 3 patients. Complete resection was possible in 14 patients (78%). There were no serious BAI therapy-related complications or postoperative deaths. The 5-year survival rate of the 18 patients was 35.7% and the median survival time (MST) was 19.4 months. Survival was better when complete resection was achieved after the induction BAI, especially in patients with stage IIIB (T4) disease. CONCLUSION: Based on our preliminary findings, BAI with CDDP as induction chemotherapy is feasible and may be an effective therapeutic modality for locally advanced NSCLC.