Transmission of retroviruses from seronegative donors by transfusion during cardiac surgery. A multicenter study of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II infections.
Ann Intern Med
; 117(7): 554-9, 1992 Oct 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-1524329
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effectiveness of serologic testing of blood donors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) infections and to estimate the risk for transmission of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II by transfusion of seronegative blood from screened donors.DESIGN:
A prospective multicenter cohort study of cardiac surgery patients who received multiple transfusions between 1985 and 1991.SETTING:
Cardiac surgery services of three large tertiary care hospitals. PATIENTS The study included 11,532 patients in three hospitals who had cardiovascular surgery. MEASUREMENTS Incident HIV-1 and HTLV-I or HTLV-II infection.RESULTS:
We detected two new HIV-1 infections among patients transfused with 120,312 units of blood components from seronegative donors. In each case a donor was detected on follow-up who had seroconverted since the donation. The HIV-1 infection rate was 0.0017% with an upper limit of the 95% CI of 0.0053%. Before donor screening for HTLV-I, transfusion of 51,026 units resulted in two HTLV-I infections (0.0039%) and four HTLV-II infections (0.0078%). After HTLV-I screening was instituted, one recipient was infected with HTLV-II among participants exposed to 69,272 units, a rate of 0.0014%. A corresponding HTLV-I/II-infected donor was found for this patient.CONCLUSION:
Serologic screening of donors for antibodies to HIV-1 and HTLV-I coupled with exclusion of donors from groups having a relatively high risk for infection has led to a low incidence of transfusion-transmitted HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II infection in the United States. A small risk remains, however, despite these measures. We estimate the residual risk for HIV-1 and HTLV-II infection from transfusion of screened blood during the time of this study to be about 1 in 60,000 units.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doadores de Sangue
/
Infecções por HTLV-I
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Infecções por HTLV-II
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Infecções por HIV
/
Infecção Hospitalar
/
HIV-1
/
Reação Transfusional
/
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
País como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
1992
Tipo de documento:
Article