Support-seeking, perceived support, and anxiety in mothers and fathers after children's cancer treatment.

ABSTRACT

The objective was to examine the relationships between anxiety, the seeking of social support as a coping strategy, and perceived social support among mothers (n=103) and fathers (n=81) of children with successfully completed treatment for cancer. Assessments were done using self-report instruments. The mediating effect of perceived support on the relationship between social support-seeking and anxiety was evaluated through path analysis, and comparisons were done in order to evaluate effects of gender. For mothers and fathers alike, a positive relationship of moderate strength between support-seeking and perceived support was found. Anxiety was negatively related to support-seeking (mothers r=-0.22, p=0.025; fathers r=-0.21, p=0.063) as well as perceived support (mothers r=-0.55, p<0.001; fathers r=-0.41, p<0.001), although the relationship for support-seeking was weak. The path analysis showed that perceived support only to a minor extent could strengthen this association. The significance of support-seeking and perceived support was stronger for mothers than for fathers, as regards their association with anxiety. However, the patterns of interrelations were similar for mothers and fathers. In conclusion, parents' subjectively perceived support appears to be more important for anxiety regulation than their support-seeking coping. In clinical practice, individual variation should be acknowledged, and presumptions of general gender differences avoided.