Expression of extracellular matrix proteins and integrins in rat adrenal gland: importance for ACTH-associated functions.

The expression of main extracellular matrix (ECM) and their integrins were studied in the adult rat adrenal gland. Collagen I, IV (CI, CIV), laminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN) expression was observed surrounding each glomerulosa cell and as long fibrils between the cords of fasciculata cells. In the medulla, FN was present around chromaffin cells or bordering blood vessels. Integrin alpha2, alpha3 and alpha5 were present mainly in the cortex, while alpha1 was present in the medulla. In culture, all ECM favoured proliferation of both glomerulosa and fasciculata cells, while protein synthesis was lower on FN and LN in glomerulosa cells. CIV promoted ACTH-induced proliferation whereas FN favoured ACTH-induced protein synthesis in glomerulosa cells. Except for LN, ECM increased expression of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and enhanced basal aldosterone, although corticosterone secretion was only enhanced by CI and CIV. In fasciculata cells, the potency of ACTH-induced cAMP production was lower on ECM, compared with plastic. Moreover, ACTH, but not ECM, activated mitogenic-activated protein kinase p38 and stress-activated protein kinases. Glomerulosa and fasciculata cells grown on CI and CIV had a polygonal morphology, while cells grown on LN appeared as clusters of small rounded cells. On FN, the glomerulosa cells exhibited polygonal morphology while fasciculata cells appeared as clusters of small rounded cells. Together, these results indicate that ECM modulates basal and ACTH-induced cell functions, with FN, CI and CIV specifically favouring steroid secretion, as opposed to LN which inhibits secretion while promoting proliferation.