Acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after living donor liver transplantation: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The incidence and risk factors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acquisition after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) are unclear. The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence and to analyze the risk factors for the acquisition of MRSA after LDLT in adults by multivariate analysis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data from 158 adult patients that underwent LDLT at the Tokyo University Hospital. The microbiologic and medical records of the patients from admission to 3 months after LDLT were reviewed. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for postoperative acquisition of MRSA. RESULTS: Postoperative MRSA acquisition was detected in 35 of 158 patients by median postoperative day 18. Age (>or= 60 y) and perioperative dialysis and/or apheresis predicted postoperative MRSA acquisition by multivariate analysis. In contrast, postoperative use of fluoroquinolone was negatively associated with acquisition of MRSA. CONCLUSION: MRSA arose early after LDLT in adults with a high incidence (35 of 158 patients). Surveillance culture should be checked periodically after LDLT to identify and prevent the transmission of MRSA.