No decrease in annual risk of tuberculosis infection in endemic area in Cape Town, South Africa.
Trop Med Int Health
; 14(2): 136-42, 2009 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19236665
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the change in annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) in two neighbouring urban communities of Cape Town, South Africa with an HIV prevalence of approximately 2%, and to compare ARTI with notification rates and treatment outcomes in the tuberculosis (TB) programme.METHODS:
In 1998-1999 and 2005, tuberculin skin test surveys were conducted to measure the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and to calculate the ARTI. All 6 to 9-year-old children from all primary schools were included in the survey. Notification rates and treatment outcomes were obtained from the TB register.RESULTS:
A total of 2067 children participated in the survey from 1998 to 1999 and a total of 1954 in 2005. Based on a tuberculin skin test cut-off point of 10 mm, the ARTI was 3.7% (3.4-4.0%) in the 1998-1999 survey and 4.1% (3.8-4.5%) in 2005. The notification rate for pulmonary TB increased significantly from 646 per 100 000 in 1998 to 784 per 100,000 in 2002. In Ravensmead, there was no significant change in ARTI [first survey 3.5% (3.1-3.9%), second survey 3.2% (2.9-3.6%)], but in Uitsig the ARTI increased significantly from 4.1% (3.6-4.6%) to 5.8% (5.2-6.5%). The difference in ARTI between the two areas was associated with differences in reported case rates and the proportion of previously treated cases.CONCLUSION:
Tuberculosis transmission remains very high in these two communities and control measures to date have failed. Additional measures to control TB are needed.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Tuberculose
/
Infecções por HIV
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
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Male
País como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2009
Tipo de documento:
Article