Immune stimulatory effects of Loranthi ramulus on macrophages through the increase of NO and TNF-alpha.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol
; 31(3): 370-6, 2009.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19555217
ABSTRACT
The activation of macrophages by microorganisms plays an important role in host defense and immunopathology. Loranthi ramulus (LR) is commonly used as a traditional drug and health food in Korea. Here, we investigated the regulatory effects of LR on macrophage-mediated immune responses. Treatment of macrophages with LR resulted in the enhanced cell-surface expression of CD80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, as well as the enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and also iNOS and TNF-alpha mRNA expression. These alterations of LR-treated cells were associated with the activation of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). LR increased the phosphorylation of MAPKs (JNK, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK) and the activation of NF-kappaB in Raw 264.7 cells. These results suggest that LR has increased NO and TNF-alpha production through phosphorylation of all three MAPKs following IkappaBalpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that LR can effectively promote the activation of macrophages, suggesting that LR may possess the potential to regulate immune responses.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Extratos Vegetais
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Adjuvantes Imunológicos
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Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa
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Macrófagos Peritoneais
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Loranthaceae
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Ativação de Macrófagos
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Óxido Nítrico
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2009
Tipo de documento:
Article