Cosupplementation of isoflavones, prenylflavonoids, and lignans alters human exposure to phytoestrogen-derived 17beta-estradiol equivalents.
J Nutr
; 139(12): 2293-300, 2009 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19864398
ABSTRACT
The microbial metabolism of dietary phytoestrogens varies considerably among individuals and influences the final exposure to bioactive compounds. In view of the increasing number of food supplements combining several classes of phytoestrogens, the microbial potential to activate various proestrogens within an individual was evaluated in 3 randomized dietary crossovers. Treatment allocation was based on participants' eligibility (>45% in vitro bioactivation of >or=2 separate proestrogens by fecal cultures; n = 40/100). After a run-in of >or=4 d, participants were given soy-, hop-, and/or flax-based food supplements dosed either separately (SOY 2.83 mg daidzein aglycone equivalents/supplement, HOP 1.20 mg isoxanthohumol (IX)/supplement, or FLAX 2.08 mg secoisolariciresinol (SECO) aglycone equivalents/supplement; reference intervention) or simultaneously (MIX; test intervention) 3 times/d for 5 d, followed by a wash-out period (>or=7 d) and the second intervention. Before and after each (co)supplementation, spot urine and serum were collected. In total, 22 equol, 19 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), and 21 enterolactone (ENL) producers completed the SOY+MIX, HOP+MIX, and FLAX+MIX trials, respectively. The microbial bioactivation of daidzein, IX, and SECO, generally decreased upon coincubation in vitro (equol 4.4%, P = 0.164; 8-PN 20.5%, P < 0.001; ENL 44.3%, P < 0.001) and cosupplementation in vivo (equol 28.3%, P = 0.009; 8-PN 35.4%, P = 0.107; ENL 35.9%, P = 0.003). Although the bioavailabilities of total isoflavones, prenylflavonoids, and lignans were not significantly affected upon coadministration, participants were exposed to lower phytoestrogen-derived 17beta-estradiol equivalents. In conclusion, the bioavailability of phytoestrogens, especially when given in mixtures, is subject to high interindividual variation. These findings support the importance of personalized screening when assessing the efficacy of such products and mixtures.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Flavonoides
/
Lignanas
/
Suplementos Nutricionais
/
Fitoestrógenos
/
Estradiol
/
Isoflavonas
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2009
Tipo de documento:
Article