[Anatomic study of anterolateral thigh perforators flap and its clinical significance in reconstruction of head and neck defects].

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the anatomy of the anterolateral thigh perforators flap and explore its clinical application in the reconstruction of head and neck defects. METHODS: Five adult fresh cadavers were prepared, and morphosis and blood supply of anterolateral thigh flap perforators were examined by microsurgery anatomy. During dissections, the following parameters were recorded number and type of perforators vessels, diameter of perforators, pedicle length, diameter of the original vessels, route (infra fascia and supra fascia); its position were located by anatomical landmark. RESULTS: There were an average of (4.4 +/- 1.8) anterolateral thigh perforators flaps (ALTP flap) in each specimen with 68.2% musculocutaneous perforator and 31.8% septocutaneous perforator. The mean pedicle length of the largest perforator was (10.86 +/- 1.18) cm (8.29-14.44) cm, and its location was constantly concentrated in the superolateral region of the midpoint of the line linking the anterosuperior iliac spine and superolateral border of the patella. The distance between surface location of the largest perforator and the midpoint was (3.25 +/- 0.69) cm. Original vessel was mostly descend branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery/vein with average diameter of (3.16 +/- 0.59) / (3.08 +/- 0.02) mm. CONCLUSION: ALTP flap has constant position, large caliber, and long pedicle and therefore is useful for operation and option in reconstruction of head neck defects.