The relationship between ADHD and key cognitive phenotypes is not mediated by shared familial effects with IQ.
Psychol Med
; 41(4): 861-71, 2011 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-20522277
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Twin and sibling studies have identified specific cognitive phenotypes that may mediate the association between genes and the clinical symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is also associated with lower IQ scores. We aimed to investigate whether the familial association between measures of cognitive performance and the clinical diagnosis of ADHD is mediated through shared familial influences with IQ.METHOD:
Multivariate familial models were run on data from 1265 individuals aged 6-18 years, comprising 920 participants from ADHD sibling pairs and 345 control participants. Cognitive assessments included a four-choice reaction time (RT) task, a go/no-go task, a choice-delay task and an IQ assessment. The analyses focused on the cognitive variables of mean RT (MRT), RT variability (RTV), commission errors (CE), omission errors (OE) and choice impulsivity (CI).RESULTS:
Significant familial association (rF) was confirmed between cognitive performance and both ADHD (rF=0.41-0.71) and IQ (rF=-0.25 to -0.49). The association between ADHD and cognitive performance was largely independent (80-87%) of any contribution from etiological factors shared with IQ. The exception was for CI, where 49% of the overlap could be accounted for by the familial variance underlying IQ.CONCLUSIONS:
The aetiological factors underlying lower IQ in ADHD seem to be distinct from those between ADHD and RT/error measures. This suggests that lower IQ does not account for the key cognitive impairments observed in ADHD. The results have implications for molecular genetic studies designed to identify genes involved in ADHD.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fenótipo
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Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade
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Transtornos Cognitivos
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Inteligência
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Testes Neuropsicológicos
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Child
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Female
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Humans
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Male
País como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article