Development of an artificial cell, from self-organization to computation and self-reproduction.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
; 108(9): 3473-80, 2011 Mar 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21317359
ABSTRACT
This article describes the state and the development of an artificial cell project. We discuss the experimental constraints to synthesize the most elementary cell-sized compartment that can self-reproduce using synthetic genetic information. The original idea was to program a phospholipid vesicle with DNA. Based on this idea, it was shown that in vitro gene expression could be carried out inside cell-sized synthetic vesicles. It was also shown that a couple of genes could be expressed for a few days inside the vesicles once the exchanges of nutrients with the outside environment were adequately introduced. The development of a cell-free transcription/translation toolbox allows the expression of a large number of genes with multiple transcription factors. As a result, the development of a synthetic DNA program is becoming one of the main hurdles. We discuss the various possibilities to enrich and to replicate this program. Defining a program for self-reproduction remains a difficult question as nongenetic processes, such as molecular self-organization, play an essential and complementary role. The synthesis of a stable compartment with an active interface, one of the critical bottlenecks in the synthesis of artificial cell, depends on the properties of phospholipid membranes. The problem of a self-replicating artificial cell is a long-lasting goal that might imply evolution experiments.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Divisão Celular
/
Biologia Computacional
/
Células Artificiais
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article