Farmers' occupational health programme in Finland, 1979-1987.

At the beginning of 1985, the National Board of Health in Finland issued directives for the initiation of farmers' occupational health services in municipal health care centres. The directives were based on the evaluation study on farmers' occupational health services in Finland. The main aim of this study is to analyse the current problems of the farmers' occupational health care system and to analyse how effective the system is. The efficiency of the occupational health services has been surveyed with postal inquiries twice, first in 1982 and later in 1986. The farmers' knowledge of appropriate means for reducing hazardous exposures had improved significantly since the initiation of the occupational health services. The effect of the occupational health services was evident particularly in the more effective use of personal safety devices. The limited resources at the municipal health care centres form the main obstacle in the provision of occupational health services for all farmers who would like to have them. 25-35% of the farmers in Finland (total 45,000 farmers) are willing to participate in the occupational health care system. Participation is voluntary for self-employed farmers.