CRISPR-mediated adaptive immune systems in bacteria and archaea.
Annu Rev Biochem
; 82: 237-66, 2013.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23495939
ABSTRACT
Effective clearance of an infection requires that the immune system rapidly detects and neutralizes invading parasites while strictly avoiding self-antigens that would result in autoimmunity. The cellular machinery and complex signaling pathways that coordinate an effective immune response have generally been considered properties of the eukaryotic immune system. However, a surprisingly sophisticated adaptive immune system that relies on small RNAs for sequence-specific targeting of foreign nucleic acids was recently discovered in bacteria and archaea. Molecular vaccination in prokaryotes is achieved by integrating short fragments of foreign nucleic acids into a repetitive locus in the host chromosome known as a CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat). Here we review the mechanisms of CRISPR-mediated immunity and discuss the ecological and evolutionary implications of these adaptive defense systems.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Bactérias
/
RNA Bacteriano
/
Transdução de Sinais
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Archaea
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RNA Arqueal
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Sequências Repetidas Invertidas
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Imunidade Adaptativa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article