Plasma follistatin is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes: relationship to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and systemic low-grade inflammation.
Diabetes Metab Res Rev
; 29(6): 463-72, 2013 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23564759
BACKGROUND: Plasma follistatin is elevated in patients with low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance as observed with polycystic ovary syndrome. In the present study, we evaluated plasma follistatin in patients with type 2 diabetes characterised by low-grade inflammation and assessed the acute effects of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and LPS on plasma follistatin. METHODS: Baseline plasma follistatin and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in a cross-sectional study that involved 95 patients with type 2 diabetes and 103 matched controls. To determine the acute effect of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on follistatin, hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps were performed in five healthy males. Furthermore, 15 patients with type 2 diabetes and 22 healthy controls were challenged with low-dose LPS to determine the effect on follistatin. RESULTS: Patients with type 2 diabetes have higher HOMA2-IR values mean [95% CI] 1.64 [1.40-1.93] versus mean 0.86 [0.75-0.99], p < 0.001 and inflammatory markers compared with controls. Baseline plasma follistatin is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with controls mean 1564 [1456-1680] versus mean 1328 [1225-1440] ng/L, p = 0.003 and correlates with fasting glucose levels (r = 0.44, p < 0.0001), 2 h glucose (r = 0.48, p < 0.0001), HbA1c (r = 0.41, p < 0.0001), triacylglycerol (r = 0.28, p = 0.008) and total cholesterol (r = 0.33, p = 0.004) in patients but not in controls. No correlation exists between plasma follistatin and inflammatory biomarkers in either of the groups. Neither hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia nor LPS increase plasma follistatin. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma follistatin is moderately elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings suggest that this is not likely caused by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia or systemic low-grade inflammation.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Folistatina
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Hiperglicemia
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Hiperinsulinismo
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Inflamação
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article