Using induced electroosmotic micromixer to enhance the reproducibility of chemiluminescence intensity.

In this study, induced electroosmotic vortex flows were generated using an AC electric field by one pair of external electrodes to rapidly mix luminescence reagents in a 30 µL micromixer and enhance the reproducibility of chemiluminescence (CL) assays. A solution containing the catalyst reagent ferricyanide ions (4 µL) was pipetted into a reservoir containing luminol to produce CL in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. When the added ferricyanide aliquot contacted the reservoir solution, the CL began flashing, but rapidly diminished as the ferricyanide was consumed. In such a short illumination period, the solutes could not mix homogeneously. Therefore, the reproducibility of CL intensities collected using a CCD and multiple aliquot additions was determined to be inadequate. By contrast, when the solutes were efficiently mixed after adding a ferricyanide aliquot to a micromixer, the intensity reproducibility was significantly improved. When the CL temporal profile was analyzed using a PMT, a consistent improvement in reproducibility was observed between the CL intensity and estimated CL reaction rate. Replicating the proposed device would create a multiple well plate that contains a micromixer in each reservoir; this system is compatible with conventional CL instrumentation and requires no CL enhancer to slow a reaction.