Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and transmission to infants.
J Hepatol
; 60(3): 508-14, 2014 Mar.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24211737
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The extent of HBV infection to infants of HBV/HIV-coinfected pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of HBV infection among antiretroviral-naïve, HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and examine HBV transmission to their infants. METHODS: Plasma from 2048 HIV-infected, Malawian women and their infants were tested for markers of HBV infection. Study participants were provided standard-of-care health services, which included administration of pentavalent vaccine to infants at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. RESULTS: One-hundred and three women (5%) were HBsAg-positive; 70 of these HBsAg-positive women were also HBV-DNA-positive. Sixteen women (0.8%) were HBV-DNA-positive but HBsAg-negative. Five of 51 infants (9.8%) born to HBsAg-positive and/or HBV-DNA-positive women were HBV-DNA-positive by 48 weeks of age.HBV DNA concentrations of two infants of mothers who received extended lamivudine-containing anti-HIV prophylaxis were <4 log10 IU/ml compared to ⩾ 8 log10 IU/ml in three infants of mothers who did not. CONCLUSIONS: HBV DNA was detected in nearly 10% of infants born to HBV/HIV-coinfected women. Antenatal testing for HIV and HBV, if instituted, can facilitate implementation of prophylactic measures against infant infection by both viruses.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções por HIV
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Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas
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Coinfecção
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Hepatite B
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Newborn
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Pregnancy
País como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article