Assessing 3rd year medical students' interprofessional collaborative practice behaviors during a standardized patient encounter: A multi-institutional, cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To understand how third-year medical student interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) is affected by self-efficacy and interprofessional experiences (extracurricular experiences and formal curricula). METHODS: The authors measured learner IPCP using an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) with a standardized nurse (SN) and standardized patient (SP) during a statewide clinical performance examination. At four California medical schools from April to August 2012, SPs and SNs rated learner IPCP (10 items, range 0-100) and patient-centered communication (10 items, range 0-100). Post-OSCE, students reported their interprofessional self-efficacy (16 items, 2 factors, range 1-10) and prior extracurricular interprofessional experiences (3 items). School representatives shared their interprofessional curricula during guided interviews. RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-four of 530 eligible medical students (88%) participated. Mean IPCP performance was 79.6 ± 14.1 and mean self-efficacy scores were 7.9 (interprofessional teamwork) and 7.1 (interprofessional feedback and evaluation). Seventy percent of students reported prior extracurricular interprofessional experiences; all schools offered formal interprofessional curricula. IPCP was associated with self-efficacy for interprofessional teamwork (ß = 1.6, 95% CI [0.1, 3.1], p = 0.04) and patient-centered communication (ß = 12.5, 95% CI [2.7, 22.3], p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Medical student IPCP performance was associated with self-efficacy for interprofessional teamwork and patient-centered communication. Increasing interprofessional opportunities that influence medical students' self-efficacy may increase engagement in IPCP.