Does the current fungicide risk assessment provide sufficient protection for key drivers in aquatic ecosystem functioning?
Environ Sci Technol
; 49(2): 1173-81, 2015 Jan 20.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25517729
ABSTRACT
The level of protection provided by the present environmental risk assessment (ERA) of fungicides in the European Union for fungi is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the structural and functional implications of five fungicides with different modes of action (azoxystrobin, carbendazim, cyprodinil, quinoxyfen, and tebuconazole) individually and in mixture on communities of aquatic hyphomycetes. This is a polyphyletic group of fungi containing key drivers in the breakdown of leaf litter, governing both microbial leaf decomposition and the palatability of leaves for leaf-shredding macroinvertebrates. All fungicides impaired leaf palatability to the leaf-shredder Gammarus fossarum and caused structural changes in fungal communities. In addition, all compounds except for quinoxyfen altered microbial leaf decomposition. Our results suggest that the European Union's first-tier ERA provides sufficient protection for the tested fungicides, with the exception of tebuconazole and the mixture, while higher-tier ERA does not provide an adequate level of protection for fungicides in general. Therefore, our results show the need to incorporate aquatic fungi as well as their functions into ERA testing schemes to safeguard the integrity of aquatic ecosystems.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluentes Químicos da Água
/
Ecossistema
/
Folhas de Planta
/
Fungos
/
Fungicidas Industriais
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article