Confusing signals: recent progress in CTLA-4 biology.
Trends Immunol
; 36(2): 63-70, 2015 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25582039
ABSTRACT
The mechanism of action of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) remains surprisingly unclear. Regulatory T (Treg) cells can use CTLA-4 to elicit suppression; however, CTLA-4 also operates in conventional T cells, reputedly by triggering inhibitory signals. Recently, interactions mediated via the CTLA-4 cytoplasmic domain have been shown to preferentially affect Treg cells, yet other evidence suggests that the extracellular domain of CTLA-4 is sufficient to elicit suppression. Here, we discuss these paradoxical findings in the context of CTLA-4-mediated ligand regulation. We propose that the function of CTLA-4 cytoplasmic domain is not to transmit inhibitory signals but to precisely control the turnover, cellular location, and membrane delivery of CTLA-4 to facilitate its central function regulating the access of CD28 to their shared ligands.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transdução de Sinais
/
Antígeno CTLA-4
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article