Update on pseudoexfoliation syndrome pathogenesis and associations with intraocular pressure, glaucoma and systemic diseases.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol
; 26(2): 82-9, 2015 Mar.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25594764
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome is a common age-related disorder affecting intraocular and extraocular tissues. This review focuses on recent publications related with the pathogenesis and associations of PEX syndrome with intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma and systemic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS:
In PEX tissues, expression of lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) was found to be markedly dysregulated. This may adversely affect elastin metabolism and lead to elastotic alteration in tissues such as lamina cribrosa. There is increasing evidence that cellular stress conditions and low-grade chronic inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of PEX. Although there is an increased risk for glaucoma development in patients with PEX and ocular hypertension as compared with non-PEX patients with ocular hypertension, LOXL1 single nucleotide polymorphisms were not associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) differences. Lack of association of PEX with all-cause mortality or dementia has been reported recently. The association with vascular diseases is not consistent among different studies.SUMMARY:
Despite the high prevalence of the LOXL1 variants in the general population, a much lower proportion of the population develops PEX, suggesting that in addition to LOXL1, other genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors may contribute to the development of PEX. Also, LOXL1 cannot help to identify those with PEX at increased risk for glaucoma development. Increased risk for glaucoma development in PEX patients who present with increased IOP may be related to other factors beyond IOP, contributing to increased vulnerability of the optic nerve to glaucoma development in the presence of PEX.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto
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Síndrome de Exfoliação
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Pressão Intraocular
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article