Molecular cloning of human A1S9 locus: an X-linked gene essential for progression through S phase of the cell cycle.

The temperature-sensitive (ts) A1S9 mouse L-cell mutant is defective in an X-linked gene essential for the progression of cells through the S phase of the cell duplication cycle. We recently reported the complementation of the ts A1S9 cell defect with total human DNA and the isolation of independent temperature-resistant transformants that retained a common set of human specific Alu-containing fragments. Here we describe the molecular cloning of these human DNA sequences from one of the secondary transformants. ST-1-0. A genomic library prepared from ST-1-0 was screened with a total human DNA probe, and two recombinant bacteriophages carrying overlapping segments were isolated. The cloned region was extended in both directions using a human X-chromosome specific library. In total, a human region spanning 42 kb in length, and containing all the Alu-specific DNA sequences found in ST-1-0, was isolated in five overlapping recombinant phages. The A1S9 gene appeared to be larger than the DNA recovered in individual phage isolates, as was assessed by transfection experiments. A single-copy probe derived from the phage DNA was shown to be conserved in independent primary, secondary, and tertiary transformants of ts A1S9 cells and mapped to the X chromosome by molecular hybridization. Northern blot hybridization of this probe with poly(A)+ mRNA derived from ST-1-0 cells identified a transcript of about 3.6 kb.