Overexpression of BRCA1 or BRCA2 in prostatectomy specimens is predictive of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To investigate the protein expressions of breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and 2 (BRCA2) in prostatectomy specimens of localized prostate cancer (PC) patients, along with their associations with cancer characteristics and prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry for BRCA1 and BRCA2 was performed on tissue microarrays of 510 PC cases treated from 2002 to 2012. The cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was scored for intensity, and clinicopathological parameters, including biochemical recurrence (BCR), were evaluated. During a median follow-up of 44 months, 128 patients developed BCR, with positive staining rates of 93.3% (n = 476) and 41.6% (n = 212) for BRCA1 and BRCA2, respectively, in the malignant tissues. The BRCA2 expression differed significantly between BCR-positive and BCR-free cases [hazard ratio (HR) 1.75, P = 0.002]. BRCA1 and BRCA2 correlated significantly with age [odds ratio (OR) 0.131] and pN stage (OR 6.00), pN stage (OR 1.717) and BCR (OR 1.972), respectively (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that BRCA1 (HR 0.435), BRCA2 (HR 2.45), pT3 stage (HR 2.253), resection margin positivity (HR 1.58), prostate size (HR 0.975) and Gleason score (HR 2.214-2.253) were independent predictors of BCR (P < 0.05). Moreover, BRCA2 correlated significantly with BCR-free survival (P = 0.0017). CONCLUSIONS: BRCA1 or BRCA2 overexpression is a significant predictive factor for BCR in PC patients.