Incidence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Age on Retinal Detachment after Cataract Surgery in France: A National Population Study.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the incidence, risk factors, and impact of age on retinal detachment (RD) after cataract surgery. DESIGN: Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: All patients older than 40 years of age who underwent a primary cataract surgery in France between January 2009 and December 2012. METHODS: A Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to analyze risk factors of RD after cataract surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Risk factors of RD after cataract surgery. RESULTS: Over 4 years, 2680167 eyes in 1787021 patients (59.4% women; mean age, 73.9±9.5 years) underwent cataract surgery. A total of 11 424 patients experienced RD after cataract surgery, with an estimated risk of 0.99% at 4 years after surgery. The odds ratio associated with increased risk of RD was 3.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.79-3.95) for cataract surgery itself. The multiadjusted hazard ratio (HR) associated with increased risk of RD was 5.22 (95% CI, 5.05-5.39) for patients 40 to 54 years of age, 3.69 (95% CI, 3.60-3.79) for those 55 to 64 years of age, and 1.98 (95% CI, 1.93-2.03) for those 65 to 74 years of age as compared with those 75 years of age or older. Retinal detachment was associated with high myopia (HR, 6.12; 95% CI, 5.84-6.41), vitrectomy for perioperative capsular rupture (HR, 4.36; 95% CI, 4.07-4.68), history of eye trauma (HR, 3.98; 95% CI, 3.69-4.30), extracapsular extraction (HR, 3.11; 95% CI, 2.94-3.30), male gender (HR, 2.39; 95% CI, 2.35-2.44), and history of diabetes (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.21). In myopic patients, the multiadjusted HR associated with increased risk of RD was 25.02 (95% CI, 24.76-25.18) for patients 40 to 54 years of age, 20.37 (95% CI, 20.21-20.53) for those 55 to 64 years of age, and 17.05 (95% CI, 16.85-17.25) for those 65 to 74 years of age as compared with nonmyopic patients 75 years of age or older. CONCLUSIONS: We provide a hierarchy of risk factors for RD onset high myopia, young age, capsular rupture, history of eye trauma, extracapsular extraction technique, male gender, and diabetes. Young age was an additional risk factor in myopic patients.