Effects on childhood body habitus of feeding large volumes of cow or formula milk compared with breastfeeding in the latter part of infancy.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 102(5): 1096-103, 2015 Nov.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26354544
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There is controversy over whether a lack of breastfeeding is related to obesity development.OBJECTIVE:
We examined the effects of feeding different types of milk in late infancy on childhood growth.DESIGN:
A cohort of 1112 term, singleton children (born in 1992) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, United Kingdom, were studied prospectively. Food records collected at 8 mo of age were used to define the following 5 mutually exclusive feeding groups on the basis of the type and amount of milk consumed breast milk (BM), <600 mL formula milk/d (FMlow), ≥600 mL formula milk/d (FMhigh), <600 mL cow milk/d (CMlow), and ≥600 mL cow milk/d (CMhigh). Weight, height, and BMI were measured at 14 time points from birth to 10 y of age, and SD scores (SDSs) were calculated. Dietary energy and macronutrient intakes were available at 7 time points.RESULTS:
CMhigh children were heavier than were BM children from 8 mo to 10 y of age with weight differences (after adjustment for maternal education, smoking, and parity) ≥0.27 SDSs and an average of 0.48 SDSs. The maximum weight difference was at 18 mo of age (0.70 SDS; 95% CI 0.41, 1.00 SDS; P = <0.0001). CMhigh children were taller at some ages (25-43 mo; P < 0.01) and had greater BMI SDSs from ≥8 mo of age (at 9 y of age; P = 0.001). FMhigh children were heavier and taller than were BM children from 8 to 37 mo of age. There were marked dietary differences between milk groups at 8 mo of age, some of which persisted to 18 mo of age. Adjustments for current energy and protein intakes did not attenuate the growth differences observed.CONCLUSIONS:
The feeding of high volumes of cow milk in late infancy is associated with faster weight and height gain than is BM feeding. The feeding of bottle-fed infants with high volumes of cow milk in late infancy may have a persisting effect on body habitus through childhood.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Aleitamento Materno
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Desenvolvimento Infantil
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Fórmulas Infantis
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Leite
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Sobrepeso
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Obesidade Infantil
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Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
País como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article