Human papillomavirus type 2 associated with pyogenic granuloma in patients without clinical evidence of warts.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pyogenic granuloma is a non-neoplastic lesion that frequently occurs in the skin and mucous membranes of children and pregnant women. The anatomical sites of pyogenic granulomas overlap with those of wart infections caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the presence of HPV DNA in pyogenic granuloma samples by polymerase chain reaction. METHODS: Eighteen pyogenic granuloma biopsies from patients without a clinical history or evidence of verruca in the studied area were tested for the presence of the HPV genome. The presence of HPV DNA was screened by three independent polymerase chain reaction reactions using standard consensus primer sets targeted to the L1 or E1 consensus regions of HPV genome. The HPV DNA-positive samples were genotyped using methodologies enabling the identification of up to 30 HPVs, including oncogenic, nononcogenic, and cutaneous viral types. RESULTS: The HPV DNA was detected in 44.4% (eight of 18) of the samples, with HPV-2 being the only type in the eight HPV DNA-positive samples. Contamination with HPV-2 sequences throughout the entire process was reliably eliminated. CONCLUSION: This report is the first to suggest an association between HPV-2 and pyogenic granuloma. This relationship is similar to that observed between HPV-2 and nongenital warts.