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Open-ocean fish reveal an omnidirectional solution to camouflage in polarized environments.
Brady, Parrish C; Gilerson, Alexander A; Kattawar, George W; Sullivan, James M; Twardowski, Michael S; Dierssen, Heidi M; Gao, Meng; Travis, Kort; Etheredge, Robert Ian; Tonizzo, Alberto; Ibrahim, Amir; Carrizo, Carlos; Gu, Yalong; Russell, Brandon J; Mislinski, Kathryn; Zhao, Shulei; Cummings, Molly E.
Afiliação
  • Brady PC; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
  • Gilerson AA; Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory, the City College of New York-CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA.
  • Kattawar GW; Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA.
  • Sullivan JM; Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Ft. Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
  • Twardowski MS; Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Ft. Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
  • Dierssen HM; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut Avery Point, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340-6048, USA.
  • Gao M; Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA.
  • Travis K; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
  • Etheredge RI; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
  • Tonizzo A; Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory, the City College of New York-CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA.
  • Ibrahim A; Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory, the City College of New York-CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA.
  • Carrizo C; Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory, the City College of New York-CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA.
  • Gu Y; Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory, the City College of New York-CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA.
  • Russell BJ; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut Avery Point, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340-6048, USA.
  • Mislinski K; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
  • Zhao S; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
  • Cummings ME; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Science ; 350(6263): 965-9, 2015 11 20.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26586762
ABSTRACT
Despite appearing featureless to our eyes, the open ocean is a highly variable environment for polarization-sensitive viewers. Dynamic visual backgrounds coupled with predator encounters from all possible directions make this habitat one of the most challenging for camouflage. We tested open-ocean crypsis in nature by collecting more than 1500 videopolarimetry measurements from live fish from distinct habitats under a variety of viewing conditions. Open-ocean fish species exhibited camouflage that was superior to that of both nearshore fish and mirrorlike surfaces, with significantly higher crypsis at angles associated with predator detection and pursuit. Histological measurements revealed that specific arrangements of reflective guanine platelets in the fish's skin produce angle-dependent polarization modifications for polarocrypsis in the open ocean, suggesting a mechanism for natural selection to shape reflectance properties in this complex environment.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Seleção Genética / Peixes / Mimetismo Biológico Limite: Animals Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2015 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Seleção Genética / Peixes / Mimetismo Biológico Limite: Animals Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2015 Tipo de documento: Article