Molecular characterization of a first begomovirus associated with lentil (Lens culinaris) from India.

A disease of lentil with symptoms of distortion, mottling and chlorosis in the leaves, shortening of internodes and excessive branching was noticed in lentil at Kanpur, India, during 2012-2014. Results of polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction employed to detect suspected RNA and DNA viruses indicated involvement of a geminivirus, which was further characterized by sequencing of full genome amplified by rolling circle amplification. Analysis of full length DNA-A revealed 96.4-96.7% nucleotide similarity with bitter gourd yellow vein virus (BGYVV) isolates and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) isolate. As per the recent revision of begomovirus species demarcation criteria, if a new virus isolate shares ≥91% nt sequence identity with any other isolate of an existing species, it should be treated as an isolate of that species, even if it is <91% identical to all other isolates from that species. This made BGYVV an isolate of ToLCNDV and resulted in the de-recognizing of the BGGYV. Hence, the present virus has been named as a strain of ToLCNDV and designated as Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-Lentil-[India:Kanpur:Lentil:2014] with the acronym as ToLCNDV-Lentil-[IN:Knp:Len:14]. This is the first report of a begomovirus found associated with a disease in lentil from India.