Mutations in HYAL2, Encoding Hyaluronidase 2, Cause a Syndrome of Orofacial Clefting and Cor Triatriatum Sinister in Humans and Mice.
PLoS Genet
; 13(1): e1006470, 2017 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28081210
ABSTRACT
Orofacial clefting is amongst the most common of birth defects, with both genetic and environmental components. Although numerous studies have been undertaken to investigate the complexities of the genetic etiology of this heterogeneous condition, this factor remains incompletely understood. Here, we describe mutations in the HYAL2 gene as a cause of syndromic orofacial clefting. HYAL2, encoding hyaluronidase 2, degrades extracellular hyaluronan, a critical component of the developing heart and palatal shelf matrix. Transfection assays demonstrated that the gene mutations destabilize the molecule, dramatically reducing HYAL2 protein levels. Consistent with the clinical presentation in affected individuals, investigations of Hyal2-/- mice revealed craniofacial abnormalities, including submucosal cleft palate. In addition, cor triatriatum sinister and hearing loss, identified in a proportion of Hyal2-/- mice, were also found as incompletely penetrant features in affected humans. Taken together our findings identify a new genetic cause of orofacial clefting in humans and mice, and define the first molecular cause of human cor triatriatum sinister, illustrating the fundamental importance of HYAL2 and hyaluronan turnover for normal human and mouse development.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Coração Triatriado
/
Moléculas de Adesão Celular
/
Fenda Labial
/
Fissura Palatina
/
Hialuronoglucosaminidase
/
Mutação
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Animals
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article