Retroviral host range extension is coupled with Env-activating mutations resulting in receptor-independent entry.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
; 114(26): E5148-E5157, 2017 06 27.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28607078
ABSTRACT
The extent of virus transmission among individuals and species is generally determined by the presence of specific membrane-embedded virus receptors required for virus entry. Interaction of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) with a specific cellular receptor is the first and crucial step in determining host specificity. Using a well-established retroviral model-avian Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-we analyzed changes in an RSV variant that had repeatedly been able to infect rodents. By envelope gene (env) sequencing, we identified eight mutations that do not match the already described mutations influencing the host range. Two of these mutations-one at the beginning (D32G) of the surface Env subunit (SU) and the other at the end of the fusion peptide region (L378S)-were found to be of critical importance, ensuring transmission to rodent, human, and chicken cells lacking the appropriate receptor. Furthermore, we carried out assays to examine the virus entry mechanism and concluded that these two mutations cause conformational changes in the Env variant and that these changes lead to an activated, or primed, state of Env (normally induced after Env interaction with the receptor). In summary, our results indicate that retroviral host range extension is caused by spontaneous Env activation, which circumvents the need for original cell receptor. This activation is, in turn, caused by mutations in various env regions.
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MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transdução Genética
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Produtos do Gene env
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Mutação de Sentido Incorreto
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Vírus do Sarcoma de Rous
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Vetores Genéticos
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article